Molecular design, synthesis and anticancer activity of new thiopyrano[2,3-d]thiazoles based on 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (juglone)
Iryna Ivasechko, Andrii Lozynskyi, Julia Senkiv, Piotr Roszczenko, Yuliia Kozak, Nataliya Finiuk, Olga Klyuchivska, Nataliya Kashchak, Nazar Manko, Zvenyslava Maslyak, Danylo Lesyk, Andriy Karkhut, Svyatoslav Polovkovych, Robert Czarnomysy, Olga Klaudia Szewczyk-Roszczenko, Andriy V. Kozytskiy, Olexandr Karpenko, Dmytro Khyluk, Andrzej Gzella, Krzysztof Bielawski, Anna Bielawska, Petr Džubák, Soňa Gurská, Marián Hajdúch, Rostyslav Stoika, Roman Lesyk
Abstract
A series of 11-substituted 9-hydroxy-3,5,10,11-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[6,7]thiochromeno[2,3-d][1,3]thiazole-2,5,10-triones 3.1–3.13 were synthesized via hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of 5-ene-4-thioxo-2-thiazolidinones and 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (juglone). The structure of newly synthesized compounds was established by means of spectral data and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The synthesized compounds were tested on a panel of cell lines representing different types of cancer as well as normal and pseudonormal cells and peripheral human blood lymphocytes. Compound 3.10 was found to be the most active derivative, exhibiting a cytotoxic effect similar to doxorubicin's one (IC50 ranged from 0.6 to 5.98 μM), but less toxic to normal and pseudonormal cells. All synthesized compounds were able to interact with DNA, although their anticancer activity did not correlate with the potency of interaction with DNA. The status of p53 in colorectal cancer cells correlated with the activity of the synthesized derivatives 3.1, 3.7, and 3.10. Compound 3.10 did not have an acute toxic effect on the body of С57BL/6 mice, unlike the well-known anticancer drug doxorubicin, which was used as a positive control. The injection of 3.10 (20 mg/kg) to mice had no effect on the counts of leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets and hemoglobin level in their blood, in contrast to doxorubicin, which caused anemia and leukopenia, indicating bio-tolerance of 3.10 in vivo.