A Multicenter Training and Interrater Reliability Study of the BASED Score for Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome
John R. Mytinger, Dara V.F. Albert, Shawn C. Aylward, Christopher W. Beatty, Sonam Bhalla, Sonal Bhatia, Guy Brock, Micheal A. Ciliberto, Purva R. Choudhari, Daniel J. Clark, Jennifer Madan Cohen, Theresa Czech, Megan Fredwall, Ernesto Gonzalez‐Giraldo, Chellamani Harini, Senyene E. Hunter, Amanda G. Sandoval Karamian, Akshat Katyayan, Isaac Kistler, Neil Kulkarni, Virginia B. Liu, Corinne McCabe, Thomas Murray, Kerri Neville, Shital H. Patel, Spriha Pavuluri, Donald J. Phillips, Debopam Samanta, Deepa Sirsi, Emily M. Spelbrink, Carl E. Stafstrom, Maija Steenari, Danielle Schwartzenburg Takacs, Tyler Terrill, Linh Tran, Jorge Vidaurre, Daniel W. Shrey
Abstract
PURPOSE: The best possible outcomes in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome require electroclinical remission; however, determining electrographic remission is not straightforward. Although the determination of hypsarrhythmia has inadequate interrater reliability (IRR), the Burden of AmplitudeS and Epileptiform Discharges (BASED) score has shown promise for the reliable interictal assessment of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome. Our aim was to develop a BASED training program and assess the IRR among learners. We hypothesized moderate or better IRR for the final BASED score and the presence or absence of epileptic encephalopathy (+/-EE). METHODS: Using a web-based application, 31 learners assessed 12 unmarked EEGs (length 1-6 hours) from children with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome. RESULTS: For all readers, the IRR was good for the final BASED score (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.86) and +/-EE (Marginal Multirater Kappa 0.63). For all readers, the IRR was fair to good for all individual BASED score elements. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the use of our training program to quickly learn the BASED scoring method. The BASED score may be a valuable clinical and research tool. Given that the IRR for the determination of epileptic encephalopathy is not perfect, clinical acumen remains paramount. Additional experience with the BASED scoring technique among learners and advances in collaborative EEG evaluation platforms may improve IRR.