New technical concept for alternating tangential flow filtration in biotechnological cell separation processes
Maria E. Weinberger, Luis Schoch, Ulrich Kulozik
Abstract
Robust cell retention devices are key to successful cell culture perfusion. Currently, tangential flow filtration (TFF) and alternating tangential flow filtration (ATF) are most commonly used for this purpose. TFF, however, suffers from poor fouling mitigation, which leads to high filtration resistance and product retention, and ATF suffers from long residence times and cell accumulation. In this work, we propose a filtration system for alternating tangential flow filtration, which takes full advantage of the fouling mitigation effects of alternating flow and reduces cell accumulation. We have tested this novel setup in direct comparison with the XCell ATF® as well as TFF with a model feed comprising yeast cells and bovine serum albumin as protein at harsh permeate to feed flow conditions. We found that by avoiding the dead-end design of a diaphragm pump, the proposed filtration system exhibited a reduced filtration resistance by approximately 20% to 30% (depending on feed rate and permeate flow rate). A further improvement of the novel setup was reached by optimization of phase durations and flow control, which resulted in a fourfold extension of process duration until hollow fiber flow channel blockage occurred. Thus, the proposed concept appears to be superior to current cell retention devices in perfusion technology.