BIOSORPTION: THE REMOVAL OF TOXIC DYES FROM INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT USING PHYTOBIOMASS- A REVIEW
Amit Kumar, Raj Kamal Singh, Sushil Kumar Upadhyay Sanjay Kumar, M. U. Charaya
Abstract
At present, the increasing use of natural and synthetic dyes persists as a major environmental problem. Wastewater containing dyes, releasing on a large scalefrom various industries entered excessively into food web resulting in mutagenesis, allergenic and carcinogenic effects and serious health problems in living systems. Various technologies have been examined to date for the removal of inorganic and organic contaminants from wastewater. Among those, biosorption is the highly effective method because, it is employed as eco-friendly, cost-effective and sustainable biosorbents. Charcoal, chitin, peat, fungal biomass, microbial biomass, wood bark and other agricultural wastes are commonly used bio-adsorbents. Use of plant based biosorbents is seminal, over the other conventional adsorbents used. The plant based bio-adsorbents are highly used for the removal of dyes, remediation of toxic industrial effluents, removal of fertilizers and/or pesticides and atmospheric pollutants etc. This review is making a focus on the efficiency of the various types of plant based biosorbents, their uses, and mechanism of action with certain optimization. Various parameters to find out the efficiency of bioadsorbents and physicochemical conditions to remove the dyes from waste water bodies are described in this review.