Adverse Effect of Sublethal Concentrations of Insecticides on the Biological Parameters and Functional Response of Predatory Beetle Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of Brassica Aphid
Rahat Afza, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
Abstract
K nowledge about the side-effects of pesticides on growth, development and behavioral traits of biological control agents is very important for the optimal use of insecticides in a successful integrated pest management program (IPM). Therefore, understanding of lethal and sublethal effects of pesticides on the natural enemies is essential to better understand the effects of chemical insecticides on the biological components of the ecosystem (Tillman and
Topics & Concepts
Coccinella septempunctataCoccinellidaeAphidLipaphis erysimiBiologyFunctional responsePredationBiological pest controlBrassicaNatural enemiesBeneficial insectsZoologyBotanyToxicologyEcologyPredatorInsect Resistance and GeneticsInsect Pest Control StrategiesAgricultural pest management studies