Effect of Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles on Magnetorheological Properties of Flake-Shaped Carbonyl Iron Water-Based Suspension
Chandra Shekhar Maurya, Chiranjit Sarkar
Abstract
To analyze the effect of magnetite Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> disk-shaped nanoparticles with flake-shaped microparticles in water-based magneto rheological (MR) suspension, the rheological properties were studied using a parallel plate rheometer. The morphology, crystallinity, and magnetic property of the prepared MR suspensions were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. In the presence of a magnetic field, micron-sized carbonyl iron (CI) particles lead to form a robust columnar structure with Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> nanoparticles and enhanced the magnetorheological performances. The magnetorheological performances of MR suspensions were examined in shear rate, shear strain, and shear stress testing sweep modes with and without a magnetic field. It was observed that adding the 1 wt% of Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> , the magnetorheological performance of MR suspension enhanced. The MR fluid with CI/Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> nanoparticle mixture showed significantly higher shear viscosity and shear stress and yielded stresses than pure CI-based MR fluid. The yield stresses were higher in the shear rate sweep mode than strain and stress sweep testing modes.