Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Chen‐Gang Wang, Nayli Erdeanna Binte Surat’man, Jun Jie Chang, Zhi Lin Ong, Bofan Li, Xiaotong Fan, Xian Jun Loh, Zibiao Li
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte hydrogels are emerging materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications due to their tunable biochemical properties, electrical conductivity, biocompatibility and similar network structure to the extracellular matrix in mammalian bodies. In this review, representative polyelectrolyte hydrogels carrying anionic, cationic, ampholytic, zwitterionic and ionic liquid moieties are systemically cataloged to express their chemical structures and preparation strategies. Recent advance of polyelectrolyte hydrogels in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for drug delivery, skin healing, bone regeneration, cardiac tissue repair and anti-biofouling coating are also highlighted. Eventually, the outlook and challenges of polyelectrolyte hydrogels and their biomedical material applications are also discussed to offer future directions.