Frequency stabilization in deregulated energy system using coordinated operation of fuzzy controller and redox flow battery
Mandeep Sharma, Sandeep Dhundhara, Yogendra Arya, Surya Prakash
Abstract
The increasing integration of regional power grids, rising penetration of multi-generation sources, and day-ahead power agreements have raised the operational challenges on deregulated modern electric energy systems. Among various challenges, frequency regulation becomes more prominent in the restructured power system (RPS) due to increased uncertainties and intricacies among other operational challenges. A minor deviation in system frequency affects the safety, quality, stability, and operation of the interconnected power system (IPS). An appropriate control mechanism and energy storage device are essential to regulate the system's dynamic responses during continuously varying loading conditions. This study proposed a novel Salp swarm algorithm (SSA) optimized fuzzy-based proportional-integral-derivative filter (FPIDF) controller with redox flow battery (RFB) to regulate the frequency of a realistic multi-area multi-source (thermal-hydro-gas) interconnected power system. All probable contract transaction scenarios are simulated that can be possible in a deregulated power industry. Various nonlinearities such as time delay (TD), governor dead band (GBD), and generation rate constraint (GRC) are incorporated to resemble the realistic operational conditions of the IPS. The effectiveness of the suggested controller has been validated by comparing the system performances with a recently published sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) based proportional-integral (PI) controller and SSA-PID controller. The investigation has been further extended by incorporating RFB in the proposed system. The study reveals that the suggested controller provided superior system control under various system uncertainties in all contact scenarios of the competitive electricity market. Additionally, the system performances have been significantly enhanced due to quick response and precise control offered by RFB.