Molecular Detection of <i>Adefg</i> Efflux Pump Genes and their Contribution to Antibiotic Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Clinical Isolates.
Rasoul Kaviani, Iman Pouladi, Mohammad Niakan, Reza Mirnejad
Abstract
BACKGROUND: clinical isolates. METHODS: clinical isolates were collected from clinical specimens of ulcers, pus, sputum, and blood. All isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests. After identifying and cleaving the genome by boiling, PCR was performed on samples using specific primers. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined by disk diffusion, with and without CCCP efflux pump inhibitor were determined according to CLSI guidelines. RESULTS: . CONCLUSION: efflux pump genes, and more than 98% of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and levofloxacin. This reflected the significant contribution of efflux pumps to the development of resistance to these antibiotics.