Gene therapy targeting PRMT5 may be useful in immunotherapy
Moataz Dowaidar
Abstract
PRMT5 modulates gene expression, increases cancer cell proliferation and migration, activates or suppresses signal transmission, regulates cancer cell metabolism, and promotes cancer stem cell self-renewal and differentiation by methylating histone or non-histone proteins. PRMT5 inhibitors may be useful in immunotherapy. However, it is still unknown why PRMT5 overexpression has different effects on different kinds of tumors. More PRMT5 substrates, as well as other rodent or cell line models demonstrating PRMT5 up-or downregulation, need to be studied. Because PRMT5 expression is regulated in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, utilizing it as a biomarker to predict cancer status prior to obtaining tumor tissue is difficult. Exploratory research on specific PRMT5 inhibitors is progressing, and technical tools for drug development are becoming more readily available. Mechanistic studies of the processes behind the therapeutic potential of PRMT5 inhibitors will also be useful. In animal models, many PRMT5 inhibitors have shown promise, and clinical trials are already beginning. PRMT5 inhibitors have the potential to treat cancer on their own or in combination with other current or future treatment methods. Finally, PRMT5 inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of cancers that have become resistant to checkpoint inhibitors. Because of their coordinated actions on tumor cells and tumor microenvironmental components, PRMT5 inhibitors may prove to be particularly effective in cancer treatment.