Enhancing building envelope performance via dynamic PCM Integration in biomaterial concrete walls: A numerical evaluation and multi-objective optimization study
Wendong LI, Mourad Rahim, Bin Wang, Mohammed El Ganaoui, Rachid Bennacer
Abstract
Phase change material (PCM) offers promising potential for enhancing the hygrothermal performance of building envelopes. This study proposes a dynamic integration method of PCM within a biomaterial-based concrete wall, aiming to optimize both thermal and moisture regulation in buildings. A numerical investigation is conducted on five wall configurations, with a focus on evaluating the dynamic PCM system. The results show the dynamic PCM wall’s superior performance, achieving temperature fluctuation reductions of 62.5 % and partial vapor pressure reductions of 63.2 % during summer, alongside significant winter improvements of 16.1 % and 6.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization method to minimize the cost and energy consumption of the dynamic system is applied, obtaining the most balanced solution for different climate conditions, as well as demonstrating that a thinner exterior wall layer is preferred for producing lower energy consumption and wall cost. In addition, a long-term assessment further identified interstitial condensation and mold growth risks, particularly in humid climates. Overall, this work highlights the advantages of dynamically integrated PCM systems in biomaterial walls, offering a viable path toward energy-efficient and resilient building envelope designs.