Evaluation of Complete Blood Count Parameters in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Mojtaba Aghaei, Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny, Zeinab Deris Zayeri, Nader Davari, Mohammad Mehdi Abolhasani, Najmaldin Saki
Abstract
Background and Aims: Several studies were performed to evaluate the relationship between CBC and patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this review, we discussed the prognostic value of CBC parameters in DM patients. Methods: English literature was searched and retrieved from the Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database (1980-2024). "Diabetes mellitus," "Blood cell count," "Mean platelet volume," "Leukocytes," and "Inflammation" were used as keywords. Results: DM increases vascular inflammation and oxidative stress, while vascular inflammation affects erythropoiesis and red blood cell deformation, thus increasing red cell distribution width (RDW). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is another useful prognostic biomarker for DM patients. Additionally, elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels are associated with poor glycemic control in T2DM patients, so it can be used as a screening tool in diabetic follow-up. Conclusion: RDW can be used as a valuable independent biomarker to assess the prognosis of patients with DM. MPV can also be used as a noninvasive, widely available, and low-cost marker as a key factor as well as a Prognostic/diagnostic biomarker that could be used for DM patients. Total white blood cell count, NLR, Mean platelet volume lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR), and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) are valuable biomarkers in predicting DM.