Simultaneous Detection and Distribution of Five Juvenile Hormones in 58 Insect Species and the Absolute Configuration in 32 Insect Species
Guoqiang Yi, Rikang Ba, Jie Luo, Lixia Zou, Mingfeng Huang, Yuxuan Li, Honghong Li, Xuesheng Li
Abstract
Juvenile hormone (JH) plays an important role in regulating various insect physiological processes. Herein, a novel method (chiral and achiral) for the simultaneous detection of five JHs was established by processing a whole insect without complicated hemolymph extraction. The proposed method was used to determine the distribution of JHs in 58 insect species and the absolute configuration of JHs in 32 species. The results showed that JHSB 3 was uniquely synthesized in Hemiptera, JHB 3 was unique to Diptera, and JH I and JH II were unique to Lepidoptera. JH III was present in most insect species surveyed, with social insects having generally higher JH III titers. Interestingly, JHSB 3 and JHB 3, both double epoxidation JHs, were found in insects with sucking mouthparts. The absolute conformation of JH III and the 10C of the detected JHs were all R stereoisomers.