Harnessing UAV Technology and YOLOv9 Algorithm for Real-Time Forest Fire Detection
Murat Bakırcı, Irem Bayraktar
Abstract
Climate change poses a pressing global challenge, precipitating significant natural disasters such as uncontrollable forest fires, droughts, and floods. These calamities exact severe tolls on human lives, ecosystems, and economies, prompting nations to seek proactive strategies for early forest fire intervention. While natural elements like dried vegetation and pine cones serve as primary fire catalysts, human activities exacerbate the incidence of forest fires, necessitating robust detection methods. Traditional approaches, including watchtowers and optical smoke detection systems, offer partial solutions, but real-time detection remains elusive. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with advanced sensors emerge as game-changers in forest fire detection, offering rapid and accurate surveillance over expansive forested areas. UAVs equipped with thermal imaging cameras detect fire heat signatures amidst dense foliage, aiding timely response efforts. Furthermore, their agility and maneuverability enable access to hazardous terrains, enhancing situational awareness and post- fire assessment. This study explores the efficacy of the YOLOv9 algorithm for real-time fire detection using UAV-captured imagery, showcasing its potential to revolutionize forest fire management. Leveraging advancements in computer vision technology, the YOLOv9 algorithm promises accelerated and precise fire detection, underscoring its pivotal role in mitigating the devastating impact of forest fires on ecosystems and communities.