Building integrated plant health surveillance: a proactive research agenda for anticipating and mitigating disease and pest emergence
Samuel Soubeyrand, Arnaud Estoup, Astrid Cruaud, Sylvie Malembic-Maher, Christine N. Meynard, Virginie Ravigné, Mélina Le Barbier, Benoît Barrès, Karine Berthier, Simon Boitard, Sylvie Dallot, Sabrina Gaba, Marie Grosdidier, Mourad Hannachi, Marie‐Agnès Jacques, Melen Leclerc, Peter Lucas, Davide Martinetti, Christophe Mougel, C. Robert, Alain Roques, Jean‐Pierre Rossi, Frédéric Suffert, Pierre Abad, Marie‐Anne Auger‐Rozenberg, Jean‐Sauveur Ay, M. Bardin, H. BERNARD, David A. Bohan, Thierry Candresse, Philippe Castagnone‐Sereno, Étienne Danchin, Chloé E. L. Delmas, Pauline Ezanno, Frédéric Fabre, Benoît Facon, Edith Gabriel, Jonathan Gaudin, Bertrand Gauffre, Mathieu Gautier, Claire Guinat, Christian Lavigne, Olivier Lemaire, Clara Inés Pardo Martínez, Laure Michel, Benoît Moury, K. Nam, Claire Nédellec, Mylène Ogliastro, Julien Papaïx, Nicolas Parisey, Sylvain Poggi, Andrea Radici, Jean–Yves Rasplus, Xavier Reboud, Christine Robin, M. Roche, Adrien Rusch, Nicolas Sauvion, Jean‐Claude Streito, Eric Verdin, Anne‐Sophie Walker, Anne Xuéreb, Gilles Thébaud, Cindy E. Morris
Abstract
Abstract In an era marked by rapid global changes, the reinforcement and modernization of plant health surveillance systems have become imperative. Sixty-five scientists present here a research agenda for an enhanced and modernized plant health surveillance to anticipate and mitigate disease and pest emergence. Our approach integrates a wide range of scientific fields (from life, social, physical and engineering sciences) and identifies the key knowledge gaps, focusing on anticipation, risk assessment, early detection, and multi-actor collaboration. The research directions we propose are organized around four complementary thematic axes. The first axis is the anticipation of pest emergence, encompassing innovative forecasting, adaptive potential, and the effects of climatic and cropping system changes. The second axis addresses the use of versatile broad-spectrum surveillance tools, including molecular or imaging diagnostics supported by artificial intelligence, and monitoring generic matrices such as air and water. The third axis focuses on surveillance of known pests from new perspectives, i.e., using novel approaches to detect known species but also anticipating and detecting, within a species, the populations or genotypes that pose a higher risk. The fourth axis advocates the management of plant health as a commons through the establishment of multi-actor and cooperative surveillance systems for long-term data-driven alert systems and information dissemination. We stress the importance of integrating data and information from multiple sources through open science databases and metadata, alongside developing methods for interpolating and extrapolating incomplete data. Finally, we advocate an Integrated Health Surveillance approach in the One Health context, favoring tailored and versatile solutions to plant health problems and recognizing the interconnected risks to the health of plants, humans, animals and the environment, including food insecurity, pesticide residues, environmental pollution and alterations of ecosystem services.