Weak Electron–Phonon Coupling and Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance in n‐type PbTe–Cu<sub>2</sub>Se via Dynamic Phase Conversion
Ming Wu, Hong‐Hua Cui, Songting Cai, Shiqiang Hao, Yukun Liu, Trevor P. Bailey, Yinying Zhang, Zixuan Chen, Yubo Luo, Ctirad Uher, Christopher Wolverton, Vinayak P. Dravid, Yan Yu, Zhong‐Zhen Luo, Zhigang Zou, Qingyu Yan, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
Abstract
Abstract This study investigates Ga‐doped n‐type PbTe thermoelectric materials and the dynamic phase conversion process of the second phases via Cu 2 Se alloying. Introducing Cu 2 Se enhances its electrical transport properties while reducing its lattice thermal conductivity (κ lat ) via weak electron–phonon coupling. Cu 2 Te and CuGa(Te/Se) 2 (tetragonal phase) nanocrystals precipitate during the alloying process, resulting in Te vacancies and interstitial Cu in the PbTe matrix. At room temperature, Te vacancies and interstitial Cu atoms serve as n‐type dopants, increasing the carrier concentration and electrical conductivity from ≈1.18 × 10 19 cm −3 and ≈1870 S cm −1 to ≈2.26 × 10 19 cm −3 and ≈3029 S cm −1 , respectively. With increasing temperature, the sample exhibits a dynamic change in Cu 2 Te content and the generation of a new phase of CuGa(Te/Se) 2 (cubic phase), strengthening the phonon scattering and obtaining an ultralow κ lat . Pb 0.975 Ga 0.025 Te‐3%CuSe exhibits a maximum figure of merit of ≈1.63 at 823 K, making it promising for intermediate‐temperature device applications.