Effectiveness of Calotropis procera (Ait. R. Br.) and Cassia siamea (Lamk.) Leave Powders in the Control of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Dohouonan Diabaté, Ohoueu Ehouman, Jean Brice, Golly Koffi Julien, Yao Tano, J Akowuah, G Obeng-Akrofi, E Minka, A Barima, N Alamuoye, E Asawalam, S Emosairue, E Asawalam, S Emosairue, F Ekeleme, R Wokocha, E Asawalam, S Emosairue, A Hassanali, G Awadh, N Abdulla, N Al-Zabaly, A Babu, N Raja, S Albert, S Ignacimuthu, S Dorn, A Chauhan, A Ranjan, T Jindal, S Danga, E Nukenine, G Fotso, C Adler, D Diabat, J Gnago, K Koffi, Y Tano, C Ehisianya, P Ikpi, O Okore, I Obeagu, M Fatope, A Nuhu, A Mann, Y Takeda, K Ileke, J Idoko, D Ojo, B Adesina, C Kestenholz, P Stevenson, S Belmain, T Morsy, M Rahem, K Allam, Mueen Ahmed, K Rana, A Dixit, V, L Mulungu, G Lupenza, S Reuben, R Misangu, T Napoleo, B Do Rego Belmonte, E Pontual, L De Albuquerque, R S, L Paiva, . Paiva, P, E Nukenine, F Chouka, M Vabi, C Reichmuth, C Adler, F Ojiako, S Dialoke, G Ihejirika, C Ahuchaogu, H Iheaturueme, A Paneru, R Thapa, P Sharma, D Sherchan, Dgc Yubak, W Patio-Bayona, L Nagles Galeano, J Bustos Cortes, W Delgado vila, E Herrera Daza, L Surez, . Patio-Ladino, O, U Paul, J Lossini, P Edwards, A Hilbeck, Y Rajashekar
Abstract
Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a major pest of maize grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Calotropis procera and Cassia siamea leaves powders against Sitophilus zeamais as possible stored maize grain protectants under laboratory conditions (25 3C, 75 5 % rh). Calotropis procera and Cassia siamea leave powders were tested at three rates of 3.00 g, 5.00 g and 8.00 g, and chemical application Actellic 2% DP respectively that were mixed with the 50 g maize grains sterilized in translucent plastic containers and the control (untreated). Three pairs of Sitophilus zeamais were put in each translucent plastic containers. Three replicates were performed for each treatment including the control. Calotropis procera and Cassia siamea leaves powders tested at 8.00 g per 50 g of maize grains inflicted highest adult mortality of Sitophilus zeamais and it recorded the lowest seed damage and reduced maize seeds weight losses as a pesticide Actellic. Calotropis procera leaves powders at the rates (8.00 g and 5.00 g) recorded highest reproductive deterrence than the pesticide Actellic 2% DP and had similar viability index with the pesticide Actellic. The lowest WPI was recorded in Calotropis procera leaves powders at the rate 8.00 g and was 9.722 % followed by the pesticide Actellic 2% DP. However, Cassia siamea leaves powders (8.00 g) had a similar reproductive deterrence, similar viability index with a pesticide Actellic and had a positive protectant. Calotropis procera and Cassia siamea leaves powders can be used to maize stored protection against a maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais.