Ultrahigh energy storage in high-entropy ceramic capacitors with polymorphic relaxor phase
Min Zhang, Shun Lan, Bing B. Yang, Hao Pan, Yi Q. Liu, Qing H. Zhang, Junlei Qi, Di Chen, Hang Su, Di Yi, Yueyang Yang, R. Wei, Hong Cai, Hao J. Han, Lin Gu, Ce‐Wen Nan, Yuanhua Lin
Abstract
Ultrahigh–power-density multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) are critical components in electrical and electronic systems. However, the realization of a high energy density combined with a high efficiency is a major challenge for practical applications. We propose a high-entropy design in barium titanate (BaTiO 3 )–based lead-free MLCCs with polymorphic relaxor phase. This strategy effectively minimizes hysteresis loss by lowering the domain-switching barriers and enhances the breakdown strength by the high atomic disorder with lattice distortion and grain refining. Benefiting from the synergistic effects, we achieved a high energy density of 20.8 joules per cubic centimeter with an ultrahigh efficiency of 97.5% in the MLCCs. This approach should be universally applicable to designing high-performance dielectrics for energy storage and other related functionalities.