A novel relaxor (Bi,Na,Ba)(Ti,Zr)O <sub>3</sub> lead‐free ceramic with high energy storage performance
Muhammad Bilal, Jian Wang, Rabia Bashir, Huan Liu, Sana Ullah Asif, Jiyang Xie, Wanbiao Hu
Abstract
Abstract Energy storage ceramic capacitors advance in high power density and working voltage, but challenge in simultaneously large recoverable energy density ( W rec ), high energy efficiency ( η ), and good thermal stability. To achieve this, a novel lead‐free ceramic system (1‐ x )(Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 )TiO 3 ‐ x (BaZr 0.3 Ti 0.7 O 3 ) [(1‐ x )BNT‐ x BZT] was explored by tailoring the ferroelectric relaxor states. The introduction of BZT gradually promotes the transformation of ferroelectric states into relaxor states at around the room temperature for x = 0.3‐0.5 that presents a pinched P‐E loop. The optimized composition of x = 0.45 possesses a large W rec of up to 2.6 J/cm 3 and ultrahigh ƞ of 94%, with only a small variation (±8%) in W rec and the high ƞ (90%) over a broad temperature range (−30°C to 180°C), demonstrating the superior performances compared to many existing lead‐free ceramics. The remarkable advantages of the novel BNT‐BZT lead‐free ceramics explored in this study are thus promising for the high‐efficiency and temperature‐stable energy storage capacitor applications.