The Content of Heavy Metals in Cigarettes and the Impact of Their Leachates on the Aquatic Ecosystem
Maria Michael, Arun Meyyazhagan, Krishnakumar Velayudhannair, Manikantan Pappuswamy, Anu Maria, Vincent Xavier, Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian, Rathinasamy Baskaran, Hesam Kamyab, Yasser Vasseghian, Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan, Maryam Safa, Zohre Moradi, Mohamed Amine Khadimallah
Abstract
Smoked cigarettes and butts are the most common kind of litter around the world. The buildup of these litters has badly polluted local water bodies and their compartments, and the cumulative effect of many cigarette butts scattered in a centralized location may pose a serious hazard to living species. To understand how heavy metals are leached out into the aquatic ecosystem, researchers must analyse the behavior of the materials that make up cigarettes. Using atomic absorption spectrometry, this study evaluated the content of several metals (such as Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Sn, Zn, and Hg) leached from various brands of unsmoked and smoked cigarettes and cigarette butts. The findings revealed that heavy metal is more prevalent in butte. These findings indicate that cigarette litter is a major source of metal contamination in the aquatic ecosystem and that apparent leaching may increase the risk of toxicity to aquatic organisms.