Operculo-insular and anterior cingulate plasticity induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation in the human motor cortex: a dynamic casual modeling study
Duncan J. Hodkinson, Andreas Bungert, Richard Bowtell, Stephen R. Jackson, JeYoung Jung
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex (M1) is a promising treatment for chronic pain, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. Competing dynamic causal models of effective connectivity between M1 and medial and lateral pain systems suggest direct input into the insular, anterior cingulate cortex, and parietal operculum. This supports the hypothesis that analgesia produced from M1 stimulation most likely acts through the activation of top-down processes associated with intracortical modulation.
Topics & Concepts
Transcranial magnetic stimulationNeuroscienceAnterior cingulate cortexPsychologyMotor cortexNeuroplasticityStimulationCasualInsular cortexPlasticityCognitionPhysicsComposite materialMaterials scienceThermodynamicsTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation StudiesMotor Control and AdaptationMuscle activation and electromyography studies