Percutaneous Mechanical Aspiration in Infective Endocarditis: Applications, Technical Considerations, and Future Directions
Abdallah El Sabbagh, Evin Yucel, David M. Zlotnick, John M. Moriarty, Stephanie Younes, Nadira Hamid, Yasir Akhtar, Larry M. Baddour, Patrick T. O’Gara, Christoph Starck, Sripal Bangalore, Sahil A. Parikh, Kenneth Rosenfield, Sanjum S. Sethi
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a shift in the epidemiology of patients with infective endocarditis (IE). This has been characterized by an alarming increase in IE in patients who inject drugs, cardiac implantable electronic device-related IE, and those with comorbid conditions and high surgical risk. This unmet need has mandated a reevaluation of complex management strategies in these patients and introduction of unconventional approaches in treatment. Percutaneous mechanical aspiration has emerged as both a diagnostic and therapeutic option in selected patients with IE. In this review, the authors discuss the gaps in care of IE, rationale, device armamentarium, procedural, and technical considerations and applications of percutaneous mechanical aspiration in IE.