Oral squamous cell carcinomas and oral potentially malignant disorders: A Latin American study
Gerardo Gilligan, René Panico, Jerónimo Lazos, Rosana Morelatto, Paola Belardinelli, María Inés Criscuolo, Nicolás Bolesina, Ignacio Molina Ávila, Juan Martín Pimentel Solá, Emilce Rivarola, María Jimena Morgante, Maria Eugenia Ingrassia Tonelli, J. Gimenez, Pablo Doratti, Laura Werner, Ana Carolina Prado Ribeiro, Thaís Bianca Brandão, Aljomar José Vechiato Filho, Maria Cláudia Cuzzullin, Cristina Saldivia‐Siracusa, Márcio Ajudarte Lopes, Michelle Agostini, Mário José Romañach, Aline Corrêa Abrahão, Thamyres Campos Fonsêca, Estela Kaminagakura, Ana Lia Anbinder, Kamila Almeida dos Santos, Maria Letícia de Almeida Lança, Sonia Sacsaquispe‐Contreras, Karem Rodriguez Ibazetta, Roberto Gerber‐Mora, Saray Aranda‐Romo, Francisco Javier Tejeda Nava, Karina Cordero‐Torres, Ricardo Moreno Silva, Wilfredo Alejandro González‐Arriagada, Raiza Toro, Felipe Martins Silveira, Natalia González, Pablo Agustín Vargas, Alan Roger Santos‐Silva, Ronell Bologna‐Molina, Mariana Villarroel‐Dorrego, Benjamin Martinez, Eduardo Piemonte
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) associated or not with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), and the epidemiological profile and traditional risk factors in Latin America. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted in 17 Latin American centres. There were included cases of OSCC, analysing age, gender, OSCC and their association with previous OPMD. Clinicopathological variables were retrieved. The condition of sequential-OSCC versus OSCC-de novo (OSCC-dn) was analysed concerning the aforementioned variables. Quantitative variables were analysed using Student's t-test, and qualitative variables with chi-square. RESULTS: In total, 2705 OSCC were included with a mean age of 62.8 years old. 55.8% were men. 53.75% of the patients were smokers and 38% were common drinkers. The lateral tongue border was the most affected site (24.65%). There were regional variations in OPMD, being leukoplakia the most frequent. Of the overall 2705 OSCC cases, 81.4% corresponded to OSCC-dn, while s-OSCC were 18.6%. Regarding lip vermillion SCC, 35.7% corresponded to de novo lip SCC and 64.3% were associated with previous OPMD. CONCLUSIONS: In Latin America, OSCC-dn seems to be more frequent with regional variations of some clinical and histopathological features. Further prospective studies are needed to analyse this phenomenon.