Long-Term Motor and Cognitive Outcome of Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients With Parkinson Disease With a <i>GBA1</i> Pathogenic Variant
Micol Avenali, Carlo Alberto Artusi, Roberto Cilia, Giulia Giannini, Giada Cuconato, Alberto Albanese, Nico Golfrè Andreasi, Pietro Antenucci, Angelo Antonini, Laura Avanzino, Luca Baldelli, Anna Rita Bentivoglio, Francesco Bove, Marco Bozzali, Giovanna Calandra–Buonaura, Ilaria Cani, Valério Carelli, Francesco Cavallieri, Antoniangela Cocco, Filippo Cogiamanian, Fabiana Colucci, Pietro Cortelli, Alesssandro De Biase, Francesca Di Biasio, Alessio Di Fonzo, Valentina D’Onofrio, Roberto Eleopra, Antonio Emanuele Elia, Valentina Fioravanti, Danilo Genovese, Andrea Guerra, Alberto Imarisio, Claudia Ledda, Marco Liccari, Chiara Longo, Leonardo Lopiano, Maria Chiara Malaguti, Rachele Malito, Francesca Mameli, Silvia Marino, Raffaella Minardi, Pierfrancesco Mitrotti, Edoardo Monfrini, Claudio Pacchetti, Carla Piano, Vittorio Rispoli, Mario Giorgio Rizzone, Luigi Romito, Luisa Sambati, Mariachiara Sensi, Chiara Sorbera, Francesca Spagnolo, Cristina Tassorelli, Francesca Valentino, Franco Valzania, Roberta Zangaglia, Maurizio Zibetti, for the Italian PARKNET Study Group, Enza Maria Valente, Valentina Leta, Sylvie Piacentini, Ilaria Palmieri, Marta Picascia, Stefania Lalli, Paola Polverino, Paola Mandich, Roberta Marchese, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Amelia Brigandì, Giulia Di Lazzaro, Martina Petracca, Ilaria Trezzi, Emanuele Frattini, Alessia Fiorentino, Pietro Guaraldi
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: genotype and DBS on long-term motor and nonmotor outcomes. METHODS: variant class and DBS target. RESULTS: -between <0.001 and 0.02, respectively), regardless of DBS. No relevant differences emerged on stratification for variant classes or DBS targets, up to 3 years postsurgery. DISCUSSION: Despite its retrospective design, this study supports DBS as a valid therapeutic option for GBA-PD, providing prolonged benefits on motor symptoms and quality of life. The accelerated cognitive decline observed in GBA-PD, compared with non-mutated participants, was similarly present in both operated and non-operated groups, suggesting it is driven by the genotype rather than DBS itself. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: -associated PD.