Preparation and antibacterial application of hydroxyapatite doped Silver nanoparticles derived from chicken bone
Ponnuswamy Vijayaraghavan, M. A. Rathi, Khalid S. Almaary, Fatimah S. Al‐Khattaf, Yahya B. Elbadawi, Soon Woong Chang, Balasubramani Ravindran
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite was isolated from the chicken bones of Black Sumatra and Fighter cock by thermal calcinations at 700 °C. The reducing power of Plumbago indica was responsible for the green synthesis of silver NPs. The isolated hydroxyapatite was used for the preparation of hydroxyapatite doped silver nanoparticles (HAp/AgNPs) against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The Black Sumatra bone derived HAp/AgNPs were excellent activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae (28 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (26 mm), Bacillus cereus (24 mm), respectively. Fighting cock bones derived HAp/AgNPs demonstrated activity against Staphylococcus aureus (22 mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (25 mm) and Bacillus cereus (23 mm), respectively. The MIC value ranged between 45 ± 1.2 µg/mL and 104 ± 0.25 µg/mL. The HAp/AgNPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The XRD patterns of the Hap/Ag revealed functional peaks representing the reflection planes. The HAp/AgNPs showed an ellipsoidal morphology in SEM analysis. The morphological studies at various magnifications indicated that HAp/AgNPs with good crystal structure could prepared by using co-precipitation method.