Advancements in nanofibers and nanocomposites: Cutting-edge innovations for tissue engineering and drug delivery—A review
M. Anbazhagan, Shalini Mahalingam
Abstract
Nanofibers and nanocomposites have emerged as critical materials in biomedical applications, particularly for tissue engineering and medication delivery. These sophisticated nanomaterials are at the forefront of study because of their distinct features, which improve biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and functional adaptability. This review examines the most recent advances in nanomaterial production, characteristics, and applications, demonstrating their transformational promise in medicinal treatments and tissue engineering procedures. The advancement of advanced production processes such as electrospinning, self-assembly, and in situ, polymerization has substantially improved the structural and functional properties of nanofibers and nanocomposites. These techniques have resulted in materials with a high surface area-to-volume ratio, customizable degradation rates, and the capacity to closely imitate the extracellular matrix, making them great candidates for scaffolding and controlled drug delivery systems. The flexibility of nanofibers and nanocomposites in these applications is also notable because it offers new avenues for concentrated and sustained drug administration, which is critical for treating a variety of medical problems. Furthermore, these materials have demonstrated tremendous potential in regenerative medicine, providing novel solutions for the formation of bone, cartilage, skin, and neural tissues. The capacity to create tissues that closely resemble natural shapes and functions holds enormous promise for solving tissue repair and regeneration difficulties. As improvements continue, the incorporation of nanotechnology into biomedical engineering is projected to transform healthcare by providing more effective, targeted, and personalized treatments. These advancements mark a tremendous step forward, demonstrating the revolutionary power of nanofibers and nanocomposites in the future of medicine. The continuing investigation and development of these materials are anticipated to result in innovative medicines that improve patient outcomes and advance the profession of biomedical engineering.