Hypernatremia—A Manifestation of COVID-19: A Case Series
Milena A. Zimmer, Anne K. Zink, Christian W. Weißer, U Vogt, Andrea Michelsen, Hans‐Joachim Priebe, Georg Mols
Abstract
We report for the first time therapy-resistant hypernatremia (plasma sodium concentration ≥150 mmol per liter) developing in 6 of 12 critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients age 57-84 years requiring mechanical ventilation. There was no correlation between plasma sodium concentrations and sodium input. Plasma concentrations of chloride were elevated, those of potassium decreased. These findings are consistent with abnormally increased renal sodium reabsorption, possibly caused by increased angiotensin II activity secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. As hypernatremia was associated with increased length of intensive care unit stay, special attention should be paid to the electrolyte status of COVID-19 patients.