Recent Trends in Perovskite Quantum Dots‐Based S‐Scheme Photocatalysis for CO<sub>2</sub> Photoreduction
Vatika Soni, Parul Rana, Rubeena Chauhan, Pardeep Singh, Archana Singh, Vishal Chaudhary, Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan, Pankaj Raizada
Abstract
Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs)‐based S‐scheme heterojunctions are evolving as a cutting‐edge approach for driving effective CO 2 photoreduction, providing a sustainable way for addressing global energy needs as well as environmental challenges. This review paper delves into the progressions in PQD‐based S‐scheme heterojunctions, highlighting their exclusive synthesis methods, characterization techniques, photocatalytic mechanisms, catalytic efficiency, as well as potential applications. The S‐scheme junctions not only improve the spatial isolation of photogenerated charge carriers but also reserve high oxidation/reduction potentials, enabling efficient CO 2 photoreduction into value‐added CO and CH 4 products. Herein, the roles of lead‐based and lead‐free PQDs heterojunctions are classified, focusing on their synergistic integration with other catalytic materials, amended CO 2 adsorption, and higher stability under photocatalytic environments. Various challenges, long‐term durability, as well as scalability are also highlighted alongside future perspectives for enhancing structural design and exploring novel compositions. By scientifically bridging the gap between lead‐based efficacy and lead‐free sustainability, this paper highlights the transformative potential of PQDs‐based S‐scheme heterojunctions. These materials pave the pathway for advanced photoactive catalysts capable of addressing serious energy as well as environmental issues, fostering novelty in CO 2 reduction processes.