Micelles Enabled Nickel-Catalyzed <i>P</i>-Arylation of Aromatic Phosphine Oxide in Water Under Mild Conditions
Pritesh Keshari, Rajan Yadav, Priya Mata, Susanta Hazra
Abstract
A nonionic surfactant has been developed from agricultural waste and its potential application for the Ni-catalyzed C–P cross-coupling reaction in water. The surfactant was fully characterized by various spectroscopic and imaging techniques. The size of the micelles and morphological changes in the presence of catalysts/substrates were established using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and confocal microscopy. Controlled 31 P NMR, 19 F NMR, mass spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed the possible reactive intermediates and reaction mechanisms. The synthesis of surfactant has been shown in 20 g and C–P cross-coupling reaction in 1 g scale, respectively.