Heterogeneous V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Mediated Photocatalytic Reduction of Nitro Compounds to the Corresponding Amines under Visible Light
Shashi Kumar, Sushil K. Maurya
Abstract
The hydrogenation of nitro compounds to their corresponding amines is developed using a heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst (V 2 O 5 /TiO 2 ) under irradiation of blue LED (9 W) at ambient temperature. Hydrazine hydrate is used as a reductant and ethanol is used as a solvent, facilitating green, sustainable, low-cost production. The synthesis of 32 (hetero)arylamines and their pharmaceutically relevant molecules (five) are described. Significant features of the protocol include catalyst recyclability, green solvent, ambient temperature, and gram-scale reactions. Among the other aspects studied are 1 H-NMR-assisted reaction progress monitoring, control experiments for mechanistic studies, protocol applications, and recyclability studies. Furthermore, the developed protocol enabled wide functional group tolerance, chemo-selectivity, high yield, and low-cost, sustainable, and environmentally benign synthesis.