Are probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics beneficial in primary thyroid diseases? A systematic review with meta-analysis
Karolina Zawadzka, Klaudia Kałuzińska, Mateusz J Świerz, Zuzanna Sawiec, Ewa Antonowicz, Monika Leończyk-Spórna, Ahmad Kamal Abadi, Małgorzata Trofimiuk–Müldner, Małgorzata M Bała
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: A number of studies indicate the presence of a thyroid-gut axis and the important influence of the gut microbiota on thyroid function. As prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics show therapeutic potential in the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis, the aim of this review is to evaluate the efficacy of their supplementation in primary thyroid diseases. REVIEW METHODS: Electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL), registers of clinical trials, and grey literature up to 6 October 2022 were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) meeting pre-specified inclusion criteria. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021235054). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF KNOWLEDGE: = 0%). SUMMARY: Low-certainty evidence from two randomised trials, suggests that routine administration of probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics may result in little to no benefit in patients with primary hypothyroidism.