Comprehensive characterization and RSM-based optimization of crystal violet adsorption using SnCl <sub>2</sub> –FeCl <sub>3</sub> and SnCl <sub>2</sub> –ZnCl <sub>2</sub> activated pomegranate peel biosorbents
Nada Hamrouche, Chahrazed Djilani, Youghourta Belhocine, Nawal Bouzenad, Lehtihet Boudjema Amir, SABRI MERADI, Imene Hamrouche, Djihane Slimane Ben Ali
Abstract
, respectively. The adsorption behavior was best fitted by both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, and followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic evaluation confirmed that the process is spontaneous and endothermic. Additionally, the biosorbents demonstrated strong reusability, retaining high performance through up to seven adsorption/desorption cycles.
Topics & Concepts
Crystal violetAdsorptionCentral composite designResponse surface methodologyFreundlich equationNuclear chemistryChemistryLangmuirLangmuir adsorption modelComposite numberChemical engineeringCharacterization (materials science)Process (computing)Materials scienceCrystal (programming language)Sorption isothermBanana peelSpecific surface areaChromatographyKineticsBatch processingSurface modificationAdsorption and biosorption for pollutant removalPhosphorus and nutrient managementAdvanced oxidation water treatment