Reciprocity Constraints on Reflection
Cheng Guo, Shanhui Fan
Abstract
Reciprocity is a fundamental symmetry of Maxwell's equations. It is known that reciprocity imposes constraints on transmission, absorption, and emission. Here, we reveal reciprocity constraints on reflection. We determine the sets of all attainable reflection coefficients of n-port scattering matrices with prescribed singular values, both with and without assuming reciprocity. Their difference establishes reciprocity constraints and nonreciprocal behaviors. As an application, we examine the conditions for all-zero reflections. Our results deepen the understanding of reciprocity in optics.
Topics & Concepts
Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)PhysicsReflection (computer programming)ScatteringOpticsTheoretical physicsClassical mechanicsComputer scienceSociologyAnthropologyProgramming languageMagneto-Optical Properties and ApplicationsPhotonic and Optical DevicesQuantum optics and atomic interactions