Complex paths around the sign problem
Andrei Alexandru, Gökçe Başar, Paulo F. Bedaque, Neill C. Warrington
Abstract
A promising path to solving QCD is on a computer by discretizing spacetime, rewriting the QCD Lagrangian to fit in that discretization, and then taking the appropriate continuum and infinite volume limits. A problem with this method is that the calculation of certain quantities of interest is numerically intractable because of a ``sign problem.'' A sign problem appears whenever large cancellations make it impractical to obtain reliable numerical results. This review discusses a potential solution: deformation of the manifold on which the problem is defined in order to reduce these instabilities.
Topics & Concepts
PhysicsDiscretizationSign (mathematics)RewritingSpacetimeQuantum chromodynamicsManifold (fluid mechanics)Applied mathematicsTheoretical physicsClassical mechanicsMathematical analysisParticle physicsQuantum mechanicsComputer scienceMathematicsMechanical engineeringProgramming languageEngineeringBlack Holes and Theoretical PhysicsParticle physics theoretical and experimental studiesQuantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions