A review on transport and power systems planning-operation integrating electric vehicles, energy storage, and other distributed energy resources
Jamiu O. Oladigbolu, Mutiu Shola Bakare, Saheb Ghanbari Motlagh, Asad Mujeeb, Li Li
Abstract
The accelerating coupling of power distribution networks and transportation networks driven by electric vehicles and distributed energy resources creates intertwined challenges in operations, resilience, and market design that prior surveys often treat in isolation. This review presents a decision-oriented synthesis for coupled power-transportation systems (CPTSs), integrating network-flow representations with planning, scheduling, and resilience methods to demonstrate how models can be translated into implementable policies and controls. We contrast ex-ante hardening with mobile energy resource and vehicle flexibility, and examine coordination schemes spanning centralized control, virtual power plants, and transactive energy frameworks, while explicitly documenting technical limits, costs, and contexts of use. We integrate deterministic, stochastic and robust, and hybrid learning-optimization models, aligning them with planning, operational, and emergency horizons. We also assess the roles of mobile energy resources and electric vehicles in service restoration and ancillary services through an implementation lens that includes technology maturity, deployment barriers, and market alignment. Finally, we outline an actionable agenda around multi-disaster coupling, queueing- and equity-aware siting and pricing, degradation-aware flexibility economics, feasibility-preserving decentralized markets, and learning-augmented robustness with open benchmarks. Unlike prevailing reviews, the emphasis is on when each method works, what constrains it, and how to deploy it, yielding practical guidance for designing CPTSs that are efficient in routine operation and resilient under high-impact disruptions.