The regulatory mechanism of amino acids on milk protein and fat synthesis in mammary epithelial cells: a mini review
Meihong Han, Minghui Zhang
Abstract
Mammary epithelial cell (MEC) is the basic unit of the mammary gland that synthesizes milk components including milk protein and milk fat. MECs can sense to extracellular stimuli including nutrients such as amino acids though different sensors and signaling pathways. Here, we review recent advances in the regulatory mechanism of amino acids on milk protein and fat synthesis in MECs. We also highlight how these mechanisms reflect the amino acid requirements of MECs and discuss the current and future prospects for amino acid regulation in milk production.
Topics & Concepts
Amino acidBiologyMammary glandMechanism (biology)Protein biosynthesisMilk fatMilk productionMilk proteinExtracellularBiochemistryCell biologyFood scienceGeneticsEpistemologyPhilosophyCancerBreast cancerLinseed oilAnimal sciencePolyamine Metabolism and ApplicationsProtein Hydrolysis and Bioactive PeptidesBiochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques