The consequences of the new European reclassification of non-invasive brain stimulation devices and the medical device regulations pose an existential threat to research and treatment: An invited opinion paper

Andrea Antal, Ana Ganho-Ávila, Sara Assecondi, Tracy Barbour, Jovana Bjekić, Daniel M. Blumberger, Nadia Bolognini, Jérôme Brunelin, Lorena Chanes, Matthew Dale, Raffaele Dubbioso, Giordano D’Urso, Igor Filipčić, Saša R. Filipović, Marco Hirnstein, Femke Konings, Berthold Langguth, Letizia Leocani, Majid Memarian Sorkhabi, Marc Mulder, Mika Nikander, Rafał Nowak, Antonio Oliviero, Balder Onarheim, Jacinta O’Shea, Stefano Pallanti, Fady Rachid, Joana Rajão‐Saraiva, Símone Rossi, Alexander T. Sack, Anne Sauvaget, Rik van der Scheer, Klaus Schellhorn, Aureli Soria‐Frisch, David Szekely, Hatice Tankişi, Paul Cj Taylor, Indira Tendolkar, Susanne Uusitalo, Chris Baeken