Effects of Eccentric Exercise on Skeletal Muscle Injury: From An Ultrastructure Aspect: A Review
Jianhua Ying, Xuanzhen Cen, Peimin Yu
Abstract
The contraction of skeletal muscle (SM) plays an important role in providing power for the body to participate in physical activities. Nevertheless, unaccustomed motions, especially eccentric exercises (EE), might cause changes in ultrastructure and mitochondria of SM, increasing potential risks of injuries. The objective of this narrative literature review was to summarize the effects of EE on SM ultrastructure. The results found that EE may lead to changes in the ultrastructure of SM, including the ambiguity of each line and band in the sarcomere, vacuolar degeneration of mitochondria, swelling of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and disordered arrangement of myofibrils. At the same time, EE also leads to redistribution of SM mitochondria, changes in dynamics, and mitochondrial autophagy. This review provides additional insight into further research on the influence of EE on injuries of SM.