Coherent Sb/CuTe Core/Shell Nanostructure with Large Strain Contrast Boosting the Thermoelectric Performance of n‐Type PbTe
Shixuan Liu, Yong Yu, Di Wu, Xiao Xu, Lin Xie, Xiaolian Chao, Michel Bosman, Stephen J. Pennycook, Zupei Yang, Jiaqing He
Abstract
Abstract The exploration of n‐type PbTe as thermoelectric materials always falls behind its p‐type counterpart, mainly due to their quite different electronic band structure. In this work, elemental Sb and Cu 2 Te are introduced into an n‐type base material (PbTe) 81 ‐Sb 2 Te 3 . The introduction of extra Sb can effectively tune the concentration of electrons; meanwhile, Sb precipitates can also scatter low‐energy electrons (negatively contribute to the Seebeck coefficient) thus enhance the overall Seebeck coefficient. The added Cu 2 Te is found to always co‐precipitate with Sb, forming an interesting Sb/CuTe core/shell structure; moreover, the interface between core/shell precipitates and PbTe matrix simultaneously shows coherent lattice and strong strain contrast, beneficial for electron transport but adverse to phonon transport. Eventually, a peak figure of merit ZT max ≈ 1.6 @ 823K and simultaneously an average ZT ≈ 1.0 (323–823 K) are realized in the (PbTe) 81 Sb 2 Te 3 ‐0.6Sb‐2Cu 2 Te sample, representing the state of the art for n‐type PbTe‐based thermoelectric materials. Moreover, for the first time the three existing forms of Cu atoms in Cu 2 Te alloyed PbTe are unambiguously clarified with aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (C s ‐STEM).