Electric Vehicles: Paving the Way for Sustainable Green Transportation and Environmental Protection

Abstract

Considering the rise in temperature, regardless of any nation or country, global warming is really becoming a threat to the earth. Many factors are responsible for this global warming, especially the environment, which plays a key role in protecting our mother Earth. Considering the environment and future sustainability, many countries are gradually shifting to zero-emission vehicles. One Hundred Eighty-nine countries agreed to work together on a low-carbon future. It is through lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation is one of the major sectors to lower greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation accounts for 23% energy energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. EVs can be a competitive alternative in the transportation sector, from e-bikes to large trucks. Allowing for a sustainable future and environment, the alternative of electric vehicles (EVs) pops up as a first option. A major chunk of pollution is due to the use of vehicles. With the growing population and customer affordability, the usage of cars has highly increased over the last decade. The extensive use of fuel all over the world forced the automobile industry to develop alternative fuel options or renewable fuel technology. So Electric vehicles are globally promoted by the automobile industry as a sustainable and eco-friendly solution. When you shift to EVs, it brings decarburization and alleviates climate change. As per the projections estimated by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the segment of Electric Vehicles is expected to blow up from 0.7 to 31% by the year 2050. According to research conducted by the European Energy Agency, electric cars emit approximately 17–30% less carbon than gasoline and diesel cars. Wide usage of EVs reduces the dependence on non-renewable sources. One of the MIT reports found that a fully electric vehicle emits about 25% less carbon than a comparable hybrid car. To priotarize the environment and sustainability, it is need of an hour to reduce carbon usage, whether it is in production or transportation. This chapter deals with green transportation through electric cars and its effect on the environment, and sustainability. It will be a systematic review of the electronic database of Scopus for the duration of 2020–2024 carried out on electronic vehicles the environment, sustainability, governance (ESG) and its impact on green transportation. It is predicted, that e-vehicles will change the automobile market and provide environmental sustainability.

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