Epidemiology of Macrosomia in Korea: Growth and Development
Kee Hyun Cho, So Jin Yoon, Joohee Lim, Ho Seon Eun, Min Soo Park, Kook In Park, Heui Seung Jo, Soon Min Lee
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Macrosomia, as an infant with birth weight over 4 kg, can have several perinatal, and neonatal complications. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of macrosomia in Korea and to identify the growth and developmental outcomes and other neonatal complications. METHODS: visit were included from the National Health Insurance Service database. The information was obtained by the International Classification of Diseases-10 codes or self-reported questionnaires in the National Health Screening Program. RESULTS: percentile in macrosomia at each health check-up showed higher incidence than in reference group. The mean body mass index significantly differed among the groups, as 50.6 in infants with 2.5-3.99 kg of birth weight, 63.5 with 4.0-4.49 kg, 71.0 with 4.5-4.99 kg, and 73.1 with ≥ 5 kg. There was a significant difference in the incidence of poor developmental results between infants with macrosomia and the reference group at 24, 36 and 48 month of age. CONCLUSION: Macrosomia was significantly associated with the risk of sepsis, birth injury, obesity and developmental problem especially in a boy born from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. Careful monitoring and proper strategies for monitoring growth and development are needed.