Optimal sizing and operation for microgrid with renewable energy considering two types demand response
Makoto Sugimura, Mahmoud M. Gamil, Homeyra Akter, Narayanan Krishnan, Mamdouh Abdel‐Akher, Paras Mandal, Tomonobu Senjyu
Abstract
The integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid poses several challenges due to their variability in output power as they primarily depend on weather conditions. As a countermeasure, battery energy storage systems are introduced in order to mitigate output power fluctuations of the renewable energy sources. Moreover, demand response programs have been attracting huge attention as an effective mechanism for efficient energy management. It enables power suppliers to cope with the output uncertainty of renewable energy systems. First step, we propose an HRES design methodology that takes into account one year. In order to find the optimal power supply configuration, it is necessary to take into account the changes in load demand due to weather conditions and seasons for one year. However, the computational cost of simulating one year is huge and requires a rather long simulation time. Therefore, we propose a simplified simulation method that uses clustering to account for changes in load demand due to weather and seasonality in one year. Second, the first proposed method is used to propose a method for optimizing the HRES equipment capacity and operation schedule considering demand response. In this paper, mixed-integer linear programing is used as the optimization method. The proposed method considers two types of demand response and achieves cost reduction by controlling load demand in response to generated power fluctuations.