Linoleic acid metabolism activation in macrophages promotes the clearing of intracellular <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Bingpeng Yan, Kingchun Fung, Sen Ye, Pok-Man Lai, Yuan Wei, Kong‐Hung Sze, Dan Yang, Peng Gao, Richard Yi-Tsun Kao
Abstract
survival without affecting the phagocytic capacity of the macrophage. Furthermore, exogenous LA treatment also exhibited significant bacterial load reduction in multiple organs in a mouse bacteremia model. Two mechanisms are proposed to be involved in this progress: exogenous LA supplement increases downstream metabolites that partially contribute to LA's capacity of intracellular bacteria-killing and LA induces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through an electron transport chain pathway in multiple immune cell lines, which further increases the capacity of killing intracellular bacteria. Collectively, our findings not only have characterized specific lipid pathways associated with the function of macrophages but also demonstrated that exogenous LA addition may activate lipid modulator-mediated innate immunity as a potential therapy for bacterial infections.