Biomedical Applications of 3D‐Printed Polyamide: A Systematic Review
Emese Molnar, Wa'el Nafith Qa'dan, Kinga Kardos, Roland Told, Nitin Sahai, P. Várga, Szilárd Rendeki, Gábor Szabó, Kata Fekete, Tihamér Molnár, Ádám Tibor Schlégl, Péter Maróti, Luca Tóth
Abstract
ABSTRACT Recently, additive manufacturing has become increasingly available for personalized biomedical applications; still, the material science is one of the primary contentions. Polyamide (PA) has several beneficial characteristics, including mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and flexibility, making it an excellent candidate for biomedical applications. Based on that, this systematic review aims to summarize and critically evaluate the state‐of‐the‐art knowledge of 3D printed polyamide and its composites with respect to material sciences and biomedical applications. Medline, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were searched for biomedical applications of additively manufactured polyamide. Overall, 1889 papers were screened, and 114 articles were finally selected to be included in this review. This work consists of three sections aiming at a comprehensive biomedical evaluation of the material, starting with mechanical characteristics of polyamide and its composites, considering distinct 3D printing technologies, followed by tissue engineering, drug delivery, and personalized biomedical solutions. Finally, biomedical educational and patient information applications are discussed with insights into future medical applications. Based on the results, polyamide and its composites are suggested to be excellent candidates for biomedical applications. However, this systematic approach highlighted the distinct need for thorough mechanical analysis and clinical trials based on universal standards for future biomedical applications.