Recent Technologies and Strategies for Bioremediation of Toxic and Hazardous Waste
Nisha Nisha, Anshu Anshu, Swati Rani, Satender Kumar, Rahul Kumar, Akshay Kumar
Abstract
More hazardous substances have accumulated in the environment as a result of agricultural practices, industrial manufacture, and human lifestyle. Environmental and health risks have dramatically increased. Consequently, there is a pressing demand for eco-friendly methods such as “bioremediation,” which is efficient at removing hazardous waste from polluted areas. To clean up contaminated areas, bioremediation treats heavy metals found in the environment by utilizing a variety of agents, including bacteria, fungi, algae, and higher plants. Nanotechnology is gaining interest in the realm of environmental management and protecting the environment from dangerous substances. Additionally, this technology is being employed in a variety of industries, including agriculture, in the form of nanofertilizers, organic waste decontamination, and water purification systems. New pathways for creating genetically modified microbes have been made possible by transgenic procedures, protein and genetic engineering advancements, and other factors. In general, nanobioremediation (NBR) uses nanomaterials to treat contaminated materials either in situ (on-site) or ex situ (off-site). The development of nanoremediation strategies is made possible by the research innovation in nanobiotechnology. This chapter explores current developments in the use of nanobiotechnology for the control and remediation of pollution.