Calf Strain in Athletes
Wendy M. Meek, Michael P. Kucharik, Christopher T. Eberlin, Sara A. Naessig, Samuel S. Rudisill, Scott D. Martin
Abstract
»: Calf strain is a common condition. In high-performance athletes, calf strain contributes to a substantial absence from competition. »: Player age and history of a calf strain or other leg injury are the strongest risk factors for calf strain injury and reinjury. »: Although the diagnosis is often clinical, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound are valuable to confirm the location of the strain and the grade of injury. »: Nonoperative treatment is effective for most calf strain injuries. Operative management, although rarely indicated, may be appropriate for severe cases with grade-III rupture or complications. »: Further investigation is necessary to elucidate the benefits of blood flow restriction therapy, deep water running, lower-body positive pressure therapy, platelet-rich plasma, and stem cell therapy for calf strain rehabilitation.