The response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in <scp>LMNA</scp> cardiomyopathy
Kiran Sidhu, Anna Isotta Castrini, Victoria N. Parikh, Nosheen Reza, Anjali Owens, Maxime Tremblay‐Gravel, Matthew T. Wheeler, Luisa Mestroni, Matthew R.G. Taylor, Sharon Graw, Marta Gigli, Marco Merlo, Alessia Paldino, Gianfranco Sinagra, Daniel P. Judge, Hannia Ramos, Olurotimi Mesubi, Emily Brown, Samual Turnbull, Saurabh Kumar, Darius Roy, Usha B. Tedrow, Long Ngo, Kristina H. Haugaa, Neal K. Lakdawala
Abstract
AIMS: Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) therapy is fundamental to the management of LMNA cardiomyopathy due to the high frequency of atrioventricular block and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. We aimed to define the role of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in impacting heart failure in LMNA cardiomyopathy. METHODS AND RESULTS: From nine referral centres, LMNA cardiomyopathy patients who underwent CRT with available pre- and post-echocardiograms were identified retrospectively. Factors associated with CRT response were identified (defined as improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥5% 6 months post-implant) and the associated impact on the primary outcome of death, implantation of a left ventricular assist device or cardiac transplantation was assessed. We identified 105 patients (mean age 51 ± 10 years) undergoing CRT, including 70 (67%) who underwent CRT as a CIED upgrade. The mean change in LVEF ∼6 months post-CRT was +4 ± 9%. A CRT response occurred in 40 (38%) patients and was associated with lower baseline LVEF or a high percentage of right ventricular pacing prior to CRT in patients with pre-existing CIED. In patients with a European Society of Cardiology class I guideline indication for CRT, response rates were 61%. A CRT response was evident at thresholds of LVEF ≤45% or percent pacing ≥50%. There was a 1.3 year estimated median difference in event-free survival in those who responded to CRT (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Systolic function improves in patients with LMNA cardiomyopathy who undergo CRT, especially with strong guideline indications for implantation. Post-CRT improvements in LVEF are associated with survival benefits in this population with otherwise limited options.