Nucleus-Targeted Sonosensitizer Activates the cGAS-STING Pathway for Tumor Sonodynamic Immunotherapy
Jian Chen, Zeyu Duan, Qiyu Zhan, Qiyan Li, Jinqing Qu, Ruiyuan Liu
Abstract
A nucleus is crucial for both sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and antitumor immunity. However, how to burst ROS generation in situ, accurately damage a nucleus, and meanwhile activate a cGAS-STING pathway-induced innate immune response are still a great challenge. Here, we present TBzT-CPi, a small molecule with a D-A-π-A1 structure that simultaneously amplifies nucleus-targeted SDT and cGAS-STING pathway-dependent immune stimulation. TBzT-CPi could accumulate in the nucleus upon ultrasound irradiation and generate ROS in situ, which damages DNA and simultaneously triggers immunogenic cell death (ICD). Stirringly, nucleus-targeting SDT not only efficiently induces apoptosis in tumor cells but also modifies the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by activating cytotoxic T lymphocytes, maturing dendritic cells, and secreting cytokines. These findings pave the way for developing nucleus-targeting sonosensitizers for sonodynamic immunotherapy of cancer.