Copper homeostasis and copper-induced cell death in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and therapeutic strategies
Xinyue Chen, Qi Cai, Ruikai Liang, Deju Zhang, Xiao Liu, Meiying Zhang, Yan Xiong, Minxuan Xu, Qi Liu, Pengyang Li, Peng Yu, Ao Shi
Abstract
Copper is a vital mineral, and an optimal amount of copper is required to support normal physiologic processes in various systems, including the cardiovascular system. Over the past few decades, copper-induced cell death, named cuproptosis, has become increasingly recognized as an important process mediating the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including atherosclerosis, stroke, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of cuproptosis in CVD may be useful for improving CVD management. Here, we review the relationship between copper homeostasis and cuproptosis-related pathways in CVD, as well as therapeutic strategies addressing copper-induced cell death in CVD.