Unveiling arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: the hidden heroes of soil to control the plant pathogens
M. K. Singh, Ambika Chauhan, Devendra Kumar Srivastava, Pradeep Kumar Singh
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soil microorganisms that form mutualistic associations with the roots of most plant species. Besides their role in improving plant nutrition and growth, recent research has revealed the potential of AMF in controlling plant diseases caused by various pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and nematodes. AMF can induce systemic resistance in plants, activate defense mechanisms, and produce various metabolites that can directly or indirectly inhibit pathogen growth. Moreover, AMF can interact with other beneficial microorganisms in the soil to enhance their biocontrol activity. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the biocontrol mechanisms of AMF against plant diseases and their potential applications in sustainable agriculture.